What is virtual autopsy? State its methodology. What are its merits?

Virtual Autopsy is a non-invasive post-mortem examination using advanced imaging technologies. Unlike traditional autopsies, it employs techniques such as CT (Computed Tomography) and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) to visualize internal structures without dissection.

Methodology:

- CT Scans: Provide detailed images of bones and gas-filled structures, useful for detecting fractures or foreign objects.

- MRI: Offers superior soft tissue contrast, aiding in identifying brain injuries or tumors.

- 3D Reconstruction: Combines images to create a comprehensive view of the body, facilitating thorough analysis.

Merits:

- Non-Invasive: Preserves the body, respecting cultural or religious beliefs.

- Speed: Faster than traditional methods, providing quicker results.

- Documentation: Digital records allow for easy sharing and review.

- Safety: Reduces risk of infection to forensic pathologists.

For example, virtual autopsies have been pivotal in disaster victim identification, where traditional methods are impractical (Thali et al., 2003). This innovative approach enhances forensic investigations, offering a modern alternative to conventional autopsies.